advise v. 劝告；建议
You want to go on a diet to lose weight?
I advise you to take more physical exercises.
你想节食减肥？我劝你还是多加锻炼。
advocate vt. 拥护，提倡 n. 拥护者，提倡者
We advocate higher salaries for teachers.
我们主张提高教师的工资。
The mathematician Bruno was burned by the Church because he was a Copernican advocate (=an advocate of Copernican system).
数学家布鲁诺被教会烧死，因为他是哥白尼学说的拥护者。
beat vt. 击，敲；打败，胜过；难倒 vi. （心脏等）跳动
n. 跳动（声）；有节奏的敲击（声）；拍子，节拍
Born not to be defeated, one can be destroyed, but can not be beat. (Hemingway)
人生来就不是为了被打败的，人能够被毁灭，但是不能够被打败。（海明威）
Carl said, “Every time I see you, my heart beats faster. And you know the reason?”
“Yes. You have a heart disease，”said Ruth.
卡尔说：“每次见到你我的心跳就加快，你知道其中的原因吗？”
露思说：“我知道，你的心脏有毛病。”
concern n. 关切的事，有关的事；关心，担心；关系；公司，企业
vt. 涉及，有关于；使担心，使关心
Don’t take a mother’s concern for granted.
别不懂得珍惜母亲的关怀。
Don’t poke your nose into what doesn’t concern you.
Attend to what concerns you.
别管与你无关的闲事，注意与你有关的事物。
conclusion n. 结论，推论；结尾；缔结，议定
Can human beings live on the moon? It’s too early to draw a conclusion.
将来人类是否能在月球上生存？现在下结论还为时过早。
condemn vt. 谴责；判……刑，宣告……有罪
Adding erotic contents in children’s websites should be seriously condemned.
在儿童网站加载色情内容应受到严厉的谴责。
condense v. （使）凝结；浓缩，压缩
Every time at the end of the“Elite Forum” (Phoenix TV program),
the lecturer is asked to condense his/her speech into only one sentence.
每次在“世纪大讲堂”（凤凰卫视节目）尾声的时候，演讲者都应要求把演讲简述成一句话。
conduct vt. 管理；指挥；传导；（～ oneself）（行为）表现
n. 举止，行为；管理（方式），实施（方式）
Li Ka-Shing conducts his business very successfully.
李嘉诚把企业经营得很成功。
Copper conducts electricity better than other materials.
铜导电比其他材料好。
Prisoners can be released earlier because of good conduct.
囚犯可因表现良好而提前获释。
confine vt. 限制，使局限；禁闭 n. (pl.)界限，范围
You should be confined to the house if you haven’t finished the homework!
不做完功课不准出门！
Many places are worth visiting within the confines of China, so why bother to rush to foreign countries?
中国境内就有很多地方值得游览，为什么大费周折地出国旅游呢？
connect v. 连接；联系，结合；给……接通电话
“Watergate Scandal”, which was connected with the US President Nixon’s resignation, took place in Watergate, the headquarters of the Democratic Party.
与美国总统尼克松辞职有关的“水门事件”发生在民主党总部——水门。
destruction n. 破坏，毁坏，消灭
The fire caused great destruction to the Da Xing’an Ling Mountains.
大火对大兴安岭造成了极大的破坏。
develop vt. 发展，开发；研制；（逐渐）产生，患（病等）；详尽阐述；显（影）
vi. 生长；发展
The developing countries play more and more important roles in the international affairs.
发展中国家在国际事务中扮演越来越重要的角色。
The traffic and road should develop with the economy.
道路交通应随经济的发展而扩展。
devote vt. （to）把……专用（于）；将……奉献给
I will devote my whole life to scientific research, and make contributions to the country where I was born and the people who brought me up. (Pavlov)
我愿用我全部的生命从事科学研究，贡献给生育我栽培我的祖国和人民。（巴甫洛夫）
National Geographic is a famous American magazine devoted to pictures and articles on places of cultural interest.
《国家地理》是一本有名的美国杂志，专门刊载人文景观的照片和文章。
enhance vt. 提高，增加，加强
Do you believe that passing the BEC examination will enhance your chances of getting a good job?
你认为通过剑桥商务英语的考试会增加找份好工作的机会吗？
enlarge v. 扩大，扩展，扩充；放大
Many new couples like to enlarge their wedding photo and hang it on the wall.
很多新婚夫妇喜欢把结婚照放大了挂在墙上。
ensure vt. 保证，担保，确保
If you want to ensure that you can get the diploma, you’d better not skip too many classes.
如果你想确保拿到文凭，最好别逃太多的课。
file n. 档案，卷宗，文件；文件夹，公文柜；纵列
vt. 把文件归档；把……登记备案
vi.（~ for）提出；排成纵队行进
The X Files is a very popular TV series in the U.S.A.
《X 档案》是美国一出很受欢迎的电视连续剧。
Filing the clippings is part of the daily work of the secretary in the Marketing Department.
把剪报归档是市场销售部秘书的日常工作之一。
gentle a. 和蔼的；轻柔的；不陡的
A gentle breeze eliminated my worries.
和风吹来，我烦恼顿失。
heave vt. （用力）举，拉；扔；（沉重地）发出（叹息、呻吟等）
vi. (~ at, ~ on)（用力）举，拉；有节奏地起伏；呕吐；叹息 n. 举
It is no use heaving (sighs) all day when the mistake has been made.
Just remember not to do it again.
犯了错误后整天长嗟短叹的一点用也没有，记住下次别再这么做就行了。
The sailors all heaved on the rope in the storm.
暴风雨中，水手们都用力拽住缆绳。
hit v. 打，击；碰撞 n. 击中；成功而风行一时的事物
Price increases hit everyone’s pocket.
物价上涨冲击了每个人的钱袋。
The album Mega Hit 10 includes all the hits from Backstreet Boys’ Shape of My Heart to Spice Girls’ Holler.
唱片《超热门 10》里面收录了从后街男孩的《心形》到辣妹的《叫喊》等热门流行歌曲。
infinite a. 无限的，无穷的，无边无际的
Infinite space surrounds the Earth.
无限的空间围绕着地球。
influence n. 影响（力），有影响的人或事
vt. 影响
Childhood experience greatly influences (=has great influence on) one’s character.
童年的经历会对人的性格有重要的影响。
jail n. 监狱，看守所 vt. 监禁，拘留
More and more economic criminals go to jail (=are jailed).
越来越多的经济罪犯入狱（被关进监狱）。
limitation n. 限制，限度；(常 pl.)局限
I know my limitations, so I won’t do things beyond my ability.
我知道自己能力有限，所以我不会做能力范围之外的事。
massive a. 大而重的，大块的；大量的，大规模的
A massive wall in the front and an evil cat in the back, the poor mouse didn’t know what to do.
前面是一堵厚墙，后面是一只恶猫，可怜的小老鼠不知道如何是好。
Doctors discourage massive doses of painkillers.
医生不赞成大量服用止痛片。
master n. （男）主人；能手；(M-)硕士
vt. 掌握，精通；征服 a. 主要的；精通的
Qi Baishi was a respectable master in traditional Chinese painting.
齐白石是一位有名望的国画大师。
You can’t expect to master everything.
你不可能样样精通。
offense n. 犯规，违法行为；得罪，冒犯
It’s an offense to drive a car at night without lights.
夜晚行车不开灯是违章的。
Genocide is an offense to all civilized human beings.
种族灭绝是违反文明人道德规范的罪行。
offensive a. 冒犯的，无礼的，使人不快的；进攻的，攻击性的 n. 进攻，攻势
Don’t glare at wild animals’ eyes.
That will be taken as an offensive gesture.
别盯着野生动物的眼睛看，那会被视作攻击性的姿态。
The company has launched a strong marketing offensive to try to increase sales.
公司已发动争取市场的强大攻势以期增加销售量。
phenomenon n. 现象，迹象；非凡的人，特殊的事物
Lightning and thunder are natural phenomena.
闪电打雷是自然现象。
remain vi. 仍然是；留下，逗留；剩余；留待
n. (pl.)剩余物，残余；残骸，遗体；遗迹
The cause of dinosaur’s becoming extinct remains a mystery.
恐龙灭绝的原因仍然是个谜。
The archeologists are very interested in the remains of the Mayan culture.
考古学家对玛雅文明的遗迹很感兴趣。
pilot n. 飞行员；引航员，舵手
vt. 驾驶（飞机等）；为……领航，试验，试用
a. 试验性的，试点的
You need good eyesight to be a pilot.
当飞行员需要很好的视力。
renew v. 重新开始；（使）更新，恢复；延长有效期
Remember to renew the books if you can’t finish them on time.
如果你不能按时读完这些书，记得要去图书馆续借。
restrain vt. 阻止，控制；抑制，遏制
I can’t restrain my anger when I hear of people being cruel to animals.
当听到有人残酷地对待动物的时候，我就抑制不住愤怒。
restraint n. 抑制，限制，克制；约束措施，约束条件
Men do not easily shed tears, because they want to show that they have great emotional restraint.
男儿有泪不轻弹，因为他们想显示出他们在感情上有很强的自制力。
restrict vt. 限制，约束，限定
By 1900, some cities had begun to restrict the use of automobiles
in order to ensure pedestrian safety.
到 1900 年，已有城市为确保行人的安全而开始限制使用汽车了。
slap vt. 掌击，拍；啪的一声放下
n. 掌击，拍
The girl slapped the boy (=gave the boy a slap) in the face because he kissed her without her permission.
女孩因为男孩未经同意吻了她而给了他一记耳光。