2020-2021 学年人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册 Uni4 单元过关演练
本套试卷总分 120 分。考试时间 100 分钟。
第一部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A More than one million single-use straws (吸管), most of them plastic, are used in the United States each day. They end up in waterways, harm sea animals, and break down into microplastics. Quantities of places have passed plastic-straw bans as a way to start handling the global plastic waste problem. Straw materials: advantages and disadvantages 1.Metal Made of stainless steel, aluminum, or even titanium, metal straws have become popular. They draw some criticism for having a metallic taste and conducting heat from a hot drink, but they’re strong and can be reused. 2.Paper Paper drinking straws, which date from the late 1800s, often absorb liquid over time and can leave a taste or fibres in drinks. They’re the most popular throwaway choice in places with plastic-straw bans. 3.Glass Though glass straws may be more breakable and thus less portable than reusable straws of other materials, they hold up well to washing and reuse. Some straws are made to look artistic, with colours and blown-glass designs. 4.Bamboo This natural material can be sustainably produced and is a plant-based replacement of plastic straws. Bamboo straws are easily disposed of and turned into fertilizer. They are reusable but can be hard to clean completely and may absorb flavours. (
)1.What is the major problem with plastic straws? A.Function. B.Flavour. C.Weight. D.Pollution.
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)2.Which of the following belong to single-use straws? A.Metal straws. B.Paper straws. C.Glass straws. D.Bamboo straws. (
)3.What is the advantage of the bamboo straw? A.It can become fertilizer.
B.It is easy to clean. C.It is portable and bendable.
D.It has different designs. B Zaki was small for his twelve years, and he was angry being treated as a child. Farid, his older brother, had been looked upon as a man long before he was Zaki’s age. Every day Farid and the other young Bahraini men went out in their wooden boats to dive for oysters (牡蛎). Many times Zaki begged to go along, but Farid always refused to let him go with them. So every day Zaki would go to the shallow water to practise. His grandfather, a former diver, would watch him and advise him. All morning, Zaki would practise diving beneath the waves. Every afternoon, again and again he would go underwater and hold his breath. With each day’s practice, his diving improved and he could hold his breath a little while longer. Soon Zaki felt as much at home in the water as he did out of it. Zaki rose early one day. He wanted to compete with his brother. They dived beneath the waves. Zaki opened his eyes and found himself looking into his brother’s face. Farid was smiling with confidence. Slowly, the smile was disappearing from Farid’s face. As more seconds passed, a worried look appeared on Farid’s face. Farid was realizing that Zaki could possibly beat him. Looking into Farid’s eyes, Zaki suddenly understood what losing could mean to his brother. Never would the villagers allow him to live it down. He would be laughed at for losing to a little child. Almost without thinking, Zaki kicked his feet and rose to the surface of the water a second before Farid’s head appeared beside him. The men around them cheered and patted Farid on the back. Farid, however, put his arm around Zaki’s shoulders. “Today,” Farid announced, “we shall have a new diver among us.” Then quietly, for Zaki’s ears alone, he said, “Thank you, my brother.” And Zaki knew that they both had learned that it takes more than strength to make a man.
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)4.What is the second paragraph mainly about? A.Zaki’s grandfather was a good diver. B.Zaki liked staying at home every day. C.Zaki practised hard in the water daily. D.Zaki’s grandfather encouraged him to dive. (
)5.Which of the following best describes Zaki according to Paragraph 3? A.Considerate.B.Ambitious. C.Confident. D.Adventurous. (
)6.What can we infer from the last sentence of the text? A.Farid beat his little brother easily. B.Zaki was as strong as his brother. C.Zaki regretted losing the competition. D.Both Farid and Zaki had grown up. (
)7.What is the best title for the text? A.Farid’s pride B.Zaki’s challenge C.Brothers’ competition D.Grandfather’s advice C When we walked into the cafe, we were greeted by a waitress who smiled, held out a menu, and pointed to a table. It’s only when we asked for a table for six that we realized something was a bit different. The waitress glanced at our group and held up six fingers. That’s because all the staff are deaf. Last month, the HuffPost visited Smiles Cafe in Granada. The business only employs people who are deaf, from the waiters to the cooks. “My goal is for this cafe to be a mirror for other businesses to lose their fear of hiring people with disabilities,” the founder Antonio Bunuel, who is from Spain, told HuffPost. “It’s also for the people who work here to lose their own fear of getting into the work force,” he added, “so they can fly.” In the city, about 1 person in 15 has a disability. But around 99 per cent of people with a disability are unemployed. While the law requires companies to employ two people with disabilities for every 50 employees, many businesses don’t. “Smiles Cafe was born out of a provocation. 99 per cent of people with disabilities here are jobless. That was wrong!” Bunuel said. “So I decided to open a cafe where all of the employees were deaf to show that it works.”
At the cafe, customers order by pointing to items on the menus, which have special symbols to indicate substitutions. For instance, if you’re ordering fruit parfait, and you don’t want yogurt on it, you just point to the illustration (图示) of the parfait, and then to the image of yogurt with a big red “X” over it. To help customers communicate with staff and learn while they eat, the walls are covered with letters, words and phrases, from “Thank you” to “Welcome” with illustrations that show the corresponding translation. The cafe, now five years old, is a project of the non-profit Centro Social Tio Antonio. “We’ve opened a small window,” the founder said. “If it serves to create awareness, then that’s a start.” (
)8.Why did the waitress hold up her fingers when the author ordered? A.All workers were deaf.
B.She didn’t want to say anything. C.She was suffering a throat ache.
D.It was a special greeting. (
)9.What did the founder of the cafe expect his employees to do? A.Make a big fortune.
B.Become well known in the city. C.Recover from their illnesses.
D.Overcome their fears for work. (
)10.What does the underlined sentence mean about Smiles Cafe in Para. 3? A.People expected to keep a good volunteering tradition. B.It was founded to take a challenge of employing the disabled. C.Founders reached an agreement after discussions. D.The disabled were worried about their work at first. (
)11.What is helpful to the customers in the cafe? A.The deafness of the employees.
B.Special symbols on the menu. C.The non-profit model of the cafe.
D.The awareness of the employer. D Step into Moving to Mars, an exhibition of Mars mission and colony design at London’s Design Museum, and immediately you have good reasons not to move there.
Frightening glowing wall-texts announce that Mars wasn’t made for you; that there is no life and precious little water; that dressed in a spacesuit, you will never touch, taste or smell the planet you now call “home”. As Lisa Grossman wrote for New Scientist a couple of years ago, “What’s different about Mars is that there is nothing to do there except trying not to die.” It is an odd beginning for such a celebratory exhibition, but it provides a valuable, dark background against which the rest of the show can sparkle (闪耀)—a show that is,as its chief manager Justin remarks,“not about Mars; this is an exhibition about people”. Moving along, there is a quick yet clear flash through what the science-fiction writer Robinson calls “the history of Mars in the human mind”. A Babylonian clay tablet and a Greek vase speak of early ideas about the planet. A poster for the original Total Recall film reminds us of Mars’ psychological threat. The main part of the show is our current plans for the Red Planet. There are real spacesuits and models of 3-D-printed Martian settlements and suitable clothing and furniture. Mission architectures and engineering sketches line the walls. Real hammers meant for the International Space Station are wall-mounted beside a low-gravity table that has yet to leave, and may indeed never leave, Earth. This, of course, is the great strength of approaching science through design: reality and assumptions can be given equal visual weight, drawing us into an informed conversation about what it is that we actually want from a future on Mars. (
)12.What is the text mainly about? A.How to move to Mars.
B.How to survive on Mars. C.What preparations we made for Mars.
D.What the exhibition of Mars truly tells us. (
)13.What can we learn from Lisa Grossman? A.It’s impossible to live on Mars.
B.It’s no good settling on Mars. C.You have nothing to do living on Mars.
D.You can live on Mars in a spacesuit. (
)14.What does the exhibition focus on?
A.The current plans for Mars.
B.The advantages of living on Mars. C.The early ideas about Mars.
D.The history of Mars in the human mind. (
)15.What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph? A.An experience. B.An opinion. C.A fantasy. D.A solution. 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are you doing it right? Writing a thank-you note I have always been a big advocate of thank-you notes. People will always think better of you for saying thank you properly. 16.
For example, we can all send a WhatsApp message. However, it is not the same as sitting down, putting pen to paper, getting a first-class stamp and sending it off in the post. 17.
A thank-you note like this is les...