「最新」1378国开电大《管理英语3》历年期末考试（第三题阅读选择）题库（分学期版）

[最新]1378国开电大《管理英语3》历年期末考试(第三题阅读选择)题库 (分学期版) 2021年1月试题及答案 Passage 1 There are three kinds of goals：short-term， medium-range and long-term goals. Short-term goals are those that usually deal with current activities，which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less，or two weeks，or possibly months. It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation，our long-term goals can not amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals，we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals. They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year，or they could even extend for several years. Anytime you move a step at a time， you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step， you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed. And as your list of completion dates grows， your motivation and desire will increase. Long-term goals maybe related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing. We should never allow along-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 21. Short-term goals are the ones that_________. A. motivate you over the long haul B. might be measured for many years C. keep you engaged on a daily basis [答案]C 22. The medium-range goals are built upon_________. A. belief and success B. the motivation and desire C. the completion of the short-term goals [答案]C 23.Once we set ourselves long-term goals，_________. A. we should stick to them until we complete them B. we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities C. we had better wait for the exciting news of success [答案]B 24.What does the word“static”mean in the last paragraph? A. moving B. developing C. not moving [答案]C 25. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Anytime you move a step at a time， you may become discouraged. B. Short-term goals all help in achieving your long-term goals. C. Life is a static thing， thus never allowing along-term goal to limit us. [答案]B Passage 2 I＇m Michael Bush， Managing Director of Hoogle Engineering. I am pleased to welcome you here to our website and I＇d like to tell you a little about the company and its organization. Hoogle Engineering was setup in 1960.It was divided into several departments at that time， such as the sales department， marketing department， and production department. Lots of managers were employed to manage it all. Fortunately things are different now. Sixty people are employed by Hoogle and communication between departments is considered to be one of the most important aspects of the business. The market is global so we need to make contact with customers worldwide，not just locally. But in the old days we were all in different departments and never spoke to each other. We had at all structure. Traditionally we had people at the first level on the shop floor，manufacturing products according to the instructions which they were given. Then you had a supervisory level of people who supervised them everyday. Then you moved up to the middle management， who were doing the tasks of getting new business， and then you had the senior management team， and then you had the board， who decided the business strategy. So there were a lot of levels in the company in the old days actually. The structure today is that we form teams within teams to place people who can manufacture a product. Each team has members that can manufacture different products. The actual teams now are self-managing，so we don＇t even have team leaders. You＇ve got the teams，and then you＇ve got two people，only two people，who are what you think of as management. This is generally called flat structure. 26. Who is telling the information about Hoogle Engineering? A. Managing Director. B. Vice president. C. Accountant. [答案]A 27. How many people are employed by Hoogle Engineering? A. 50. B. 40. C. 60. [答案]C 28. Why is it necessary to make contact with customers worldwide? A. Because the market is global. B. Because we need it. C. Because communication can make people happy. [答案]A 29. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. In the old days the staff in different departments never spoke to each other. B. There were a lot of levels in the company in the old days. C. The speaker thinks the two structures have the same functions. [答案]C 30. What kind of organizational structure was Hoogle Engineering? A. A flat structure. B. At all structure. C. A flat structure and at all structure. [答案]B 2020年9月试题及答案 Passage 1 To minimize traffic jams in the city center and on major roads out of Sydney, the City＇s highway department will not agree to road closures scheduled for weekdays or Saturdays. On minor roads outside the city center, weekdays and Saturdays may be considered. You must apply for approval to do roadwork and other road-related activities, tree cutting and use of very large construction machinery, ladders etc. Please note that approval is needed if you plan to block the road or footpath. Applications to have a road closed to traffic must be completed and sent to the Department＇s Traffic Calming Committee at least a month before the scheduled date. Roads can be closed partially or fully, depending on your requirements. Partial road closures are only allowed in light traffic areas where·there will be at least 1 lane for traffic with extra traffic control measures to make sure 2-way traffic can continue to run for the duration of the work. Any change of traffic flow will require the proposal to be treated as a full road closure. For further information about a partial road closure, please refer to Contacts. If you are organizing a parade, march or other type of street-based event, approval is also required and we recommend you choose one of our 4 preferred routes. Choosing an existing route reduces the amount of planning you will need to do. 21. As a rule, Sydney＇s highway department will agree to road closures in the city centre scheduled for_________. A. weekdays B. Saturdays C. Sundays [答案]C 22. If you want a road closed to traffic, you must complete your applications and send them to the re1evant committee at least _________before the scheduled date. A. a week B. 30 days C. two months [答案]B 23. Partial of full road closures are decided by_________. A. the requirements from applicants B. the traffic flow C. the road conditions [答案]A 24. Which is NOT the condition for partial road closures according to the passage? A. In light traffic areas. B. On work days. C. There will be at least 1 lane for traffic during the work. [答案]B 25. Which is the best title of this passage? A. Road Closure Procedures in Sydney. B. Road Conditions in Sydney. C. Road Management in Sydney. [答案]A Passage 2 On Christmas Eve—the night before Christmas Day—children all over Britain put a stocking at the end of their beds before they go to sleep. Their parents usually tell them that Father Christmas will come during the night. Father Christmas is very kind and hearted. He gets to the top of each house and climbs down the chimney into the fireplace. He fills each of the stockings with Christmas presents. Of course, Father Christmas isn＇t real. In Jim and Kate＇s house, “Father Christmas”is really Mr Green. Mr Green doesn＇t climb down the chimney. He waits until the children are asleep. Then he quietly goes into their bedrooms and fills their stockings with small presents. When they were very young, Mr Green sometimes wore a red coat. But he doesn＇t do that now. The children are no longer young, and they know who “Father Christmas” really is. But they still put their stockings at the end of their beds. 26. Christmas Eve is_________. A. Christmas Day B. the evening of Christmas Day C. the night before Christmas Day [答案]C 27. Father Christmas often puts presents_________. A. into children＇s hats B. under children＇s beds C. into children＇s stockings [答案]C 28. When the children were very young,_________. A. they knew that Father Christmas wasn＇t real B. they didn＇t know who Father Christmas was C. they thought their father was Father Christmas [答案]B 29. When the children are older, they_________. A. know that Father Christmas is really their father B. ask their mother to fill their stockings with presents C. know that Father Christmas is real [答案]A 30. Father Christmas comes into the house through the_________. A. window B. back door C. chimney [答案]C 2020年7月试题及答案 Passage 1 To minimize traffic jams in the city center and on major roads out of Sydney, the City＇s highway department will not agree to road closures scheduled for weekdays or Saturdays. On minor roads outside the city center, weekdays and Saturdays may be considered. You must apply for approval to do roadwork and other road-related activities, tree cutting and use of very large construction machinery, ladders etc. Please note that approval is needed if you plan to block the road or footpath. Applications to have a road closed to traffic must be completed and sent to the Department＇s Traffic Calming Committee at least a month before the scheduled date. Roads can be closed partially or fully, depending on your requirements. Partial road closures are only allowed in light traffic areas where·there will be at least 1 lane for traffic with extra traffic control measures to make sure 2-way traffic can continue to run for the duration of the work. Any change of traffic flow will require the proposal to be treated as a full road closure. For further information about a partial road closure, please refer to Contacts. If you are organizing a parade, march or other type of street-based event, approval is also required and we recommend you choose one of our 4 preferred routes. Choosing an existing route reduces the amount of planning you will need to do. 21. As a rule, Sydney＇s highway department will agree to road closures in the city centre scheduled for_________. A. weekdays B. Saturdays C. Sundays [答案]C 22. If you want a road closed to traffic, you must complete your applications and send them to the re1evant committee at least _________before the scheduled date. A. a week B. 30 days C. two months [答案]B 23. Partial of full road closures are decided by_________. A. the requirements from applicants B. the traffic flow C. the road conditions [答案]A 24. Which is NOT the condition for partial road closures according to the passage? A. In light traffic areas. B. On work days. C. There will be at least 1 lane for traffic during the work. [答案]B 25. Which is the best title of this passage? A. Road Closure Procedures in Sydney. B. Road Conditions in Sydney. C. Road Management in Sydney. [答案]A 2020年1月试题及答案 Passage 1 Without good budget management, you are likely to overspend on marketing accidentally. Here are three steps that help to make a good marketing budget. Step 1: Organize financial information The first step is to be clear of your current financial situation. You need to know how much money your company makes monthly and the changes that might arise in the future. Although income flows change throughout the year, you must organize the information based on reliable revenue—the minimum amount of money your company makes each month. A realistic budget plan will always focus on the income that exceeds the expenses, not the total revenue that comes in. When you have determined the amount of disposable income available for the company, you should determine where the money will go. Step 2: Determine where you want to spend marketing funds After you know the total amount available to spend on marketing, the next step is how you plan to spend that money. Three main factors decide how you spend marketing funds: the budget amount, your past experiences, and where you can reach the right audience. You will start organizing how to spend the funds based on the amount. Besides, you need to consider the strategies that have worked in the past. Also, you need consider which marketing channels will allow you to reach the right audience. Step 3: Assess data and make appropriate changes The final step in building a good marketing budget is the analysis of the plan and any changes that may improve revenue. Ultimately, marketing is designed to bring in extra revenue. If the activity does not bring in any additional revenue over its cost, then it is better to change strategy and try something else. Assessing the data is a vital part of creating an effective marketing strategy. Evaluation begins with comparing past performance to the performance after marketing the product or services. However, a good budget alone is not enough. You have to take action and remain committed to following through your plan. By keeping the budget in mind when you make decisions, you will have the opportunity to work out different strategies to find the best solutions for your business goals and prevent overspending on marketing. 21. The budget plan should be based on the company＇s reliable_________. A. expense B. income C. cost [答案]B 22. The underlined“disposable income”in Paragraph 3 means_________. A. total income B. previous income C. net income [答案]C 23. You have to be clear of _________when organizing financial information. A. the income and expenses B. the marketing fund C. the budget management [答案]A 24. The three main factors that decide how you spend marketing funds are_________. A. the money you have earned, the actual expenses and the money you will expend B. the budget amount, your past experiences and where you can reach the right audience C. the assets you have, the product and the income [答案]B 25. Keeping the budget in mind when making marketing decisions will avoid_________. A. using less than you earn B. using money unnecessarily C. using more than you earn [答案]C 2019年7月试题及答案 Passage 1 To minimize traffic jams in the city center and on major roads out of Sydney, the City＇s highway department will not agree to road closures scheduled for weekdays or Saturdays. On 1103 minor roads outside the city center, weekdays and Saturdays may be considered. You must apply for approval to do roadwork and other road—related activities, tree cutting and use of very large construction machinery, ladders etc. Please note that approval is needed if you plan to block the road or footpath. Applications to have a road closed to traffic must be completed and sent to the Department＇s Traffic Calming Committee at least a month before the scheduled date. Roads can be closed partially or fully, depending on your requirements. Partial road closures are only allowed in light traffic areas where there will be at least 1 lane for traffic with extra traffic control measures to make sure 2-way traffic can continue to run for the duration of the work. Any change of traffic flow will require the proposal to be treated as a full road closure. For further information about a partial road closure, please refer to Contacts. If you are organizing a parade, march or other type of street-based event, approval is also required and we recommend you choose one of our 4 preferred routes. Choosing an existing route reduces the amount of planning you will need to do. 21. As a rule, Sydney＇s highway department will agree to road closures in the city center scheduled for_________. A. weekdays B. Saturdays C. Sundays [答案]C 22. If you want a road closed to traffic, you must complete your applications and send them to the relevant committee at least _________before the scheduled date. A. a week B. 30 days C. two months [答案]B 23. Partial of full road closures are decided by_________. A. the requirements from applicants B. the traffic flow C. the road conditions [答案]A 24. Which is NOT the condition for partial road closures according to the passage? A. In light traffic areas. B. On work days. C. There will be at least 1 lane for traffic during the work. [答案]B 25. Which is the best title of this passage? A. Road Closure Procedures in Sydney. B. Road Conditions in Sydney. C. Road Management in Sydney. [答案]A Passage 2 Uncle Li and Uncle Wang are good friends. They live next to each other and their farms are both at the foot of the mountain. So they can help each other. But neither of them likes to use his head. They＇re both poor though they work hard. Most villagers have built new houses, but they still live in the low and broken houses. They never find out why. Once Uncle Li went to town to buy some medicine for his wife. In the town he heard the apples in a city were expensive. He told Uncle Wang about it as soon as he went back. They decided to carry some apples to the city. They borrowed some money from their friends and bought nearly 1, 000 kilograms of apples in the villages and carried them to the city on a tractor. Bad luck! A lot of apples have already been carried there when they arrived. A few days later they had to sell them at a low price (价格）. They felt unhappy and returned to their village. “I can＇t understand why we sustained (蒙受）losses in business while others always profit (盈利）” Uncle Li asked one day. “The tractor was too small.” Uncle Wang said without thinking. “We＇11 carry more apples on a truck next time!” “I agree!”said Uncle Li. “How foolish (傻的）we were!” 26. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang live in the low and broken houses because_________. A. they hope to save money B. they＇re both poor C. their farms are at the foot of the mountain [答案]B 27. The two farmers carried the apples to the city to_________. A. make a Journey B. make a profit C. meet their friends [答案]B 28. The tow farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because_________. A. theirs weren＇t as good as the others＇ B. they forgot to carry them on a truck C. a lot of apples had been already carried to the city [答案]C 29. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang were unhappy because_________. A. they had sustained losses in business B. they had lost some money in the city C. something was wrong with the tractor [答案]A 30. Which of the following is true? A. The two farmers found out why they were poor. B. The two farmers will soon get rich. C. Neither of the farmers is clever. [答案]C 2019年1月试题及答案 Passage 1 Without good budget management, you are likely to overspend on marketing accidentally. 15 Here are three steps that help to make a good marketing budget. Step 1: Organize financial information The first step is to be clear of your current financial situation. You need to know how much money your company makes monthly and the changes that might arise in the future. Although income flows change throughout the year, you must organize the information based on reliable revenue - the minimum amount of money your company makes each month.16 A realistic budget plan will always focus on the income that exceeds the expenses, 17 not the total revenue that comes in. When you have determined the amount of disposable income available for the company , you should determine where the money will go. Step 2: Determine where you want to spend marketing funds After you know the total amount available to spend on marketing , the next step is how you plan to spend that money. Three main factors decide how you spend marketing funds: the budget amount, your past experiences, and where you can reach the right audience. You will start organizing how to spend the funds based on the amount. Besides, you need to consider the strategies that have worked in the past. Also , you need consider which marketing channels will allow you to reach the right audience. Step 3: Assess data and make appropriate changes The final step in building a good marketing budget is the analysis of the plan and any changes that may improve revenue. Ultimately, marketing is designed to bring in extra revenue. 18 If the activity does not bring in any additional revenue over its cost, then it is better to change strategy and try something else. Assessing the data is a vital part of creating an effective marketing strategy. 19 Evaluation begins with comparing past performance to the performance after marketing the product or services. However, a good budget alone is not enough. Y ou have to take action and remain committed to following through your plan. By keeping the budget in mind when you make decisions, you will have the opportunity to work out different strategies to find the best solutions for your business goals and prevent overspending on marketing. 21. What should the budget plan be based on? A. The company＇s reliable expense. B. The company＇s reliable income. C. The company＇s reliable cost. [答案]B 22. What does“disposable income” mean in paragraph 3? A. Total income B. Previous income. C. Net income. [答案]C 23. You have to be clear of _________when organizing financial information. A. the income and expenses B. the marketing fund C. the budget management [答案]A 24. The three main factors that decide how you spend marketing funds are_________. A. the money you have earned, the actual expenses and the money you will expend B. the budget amount, your past experiences and where you can reach the right audience C. the assets you have, the product and the income [答案]B 25. Keeping the budget in mind when making marketing decisions will avoid A. using less than you earn B. using money unnecessarily C. using more than you earn [答案]C 2018年7月试题及答案 Passage 1 I＇m Michael Bush, Managing Director of Hoogle Engineering. I am pleased to welcome you here to our website and l＇ d like to tell you a little about the company and its organization. Hoogle Engineering was set up in 1960. It was divided into several departments at that time, such as the sales department, marketing department , and production department. Lots of managers were employed to manage it all. Fortunately things are different now. Sixty people are employed by Hoogle and communication between departments is considered to be one of the most important aspects of the business. The market is global so we need to make contact with customers worldwide, not just locally. But in the old days we were all in different departments and never spoke to each other. We had a tall structure. Traditionally we had people at the first level on the shop floor, manufacturing products according to the instructions which they were given. Then you had a supervisory level of people who supervised them every day. Then you moved up to the middle management, who were doing the tasks of getting new business, and then you had the senior management team , and then you had the board , who decided the business strategy. So there were a lot of levels in the company in the old days actually. The structure today is that we form teams within teams to place people who can manufacture a product. Each team has members that can manufacture different products. The actual teams now are self-managing, so we don＇t even have team leaders. You＇ve got the teams, and then you＇ve got two people, only two people, who are what you think of as management. This is generally called flat structure. 21. Hoogle Engineering was set up in_________. A. the nineteenth century B. the twentieth century C. the twenty first century [答案]B 22. There are many different _________of management in a tall structure. A. kinds B. levels C. functions [答案]B 23. People in a flat structure usually work in_________. A. departments B. families C. teams [答案]C 24. All of the following statements are true according to the passage EXCEPT that_________. A. communication in the company is becoming more and more important B. the author thinks the two structures have the same functions C. there are more individual responsibilities in the flat structure [答案]B 25. The best title for the passage would be “_________”. A. Organization Structure in Hoogle Engineering B. History of Hoogle Engineering C. Success in Hoogle engineering [答案]A Passage 2 The 2014 Ebola outbreak is the largest in history and the first Ebola outbreak in Test Africa. Although the current epidemic does not cause a significant risk to other nations, many countries, including China and the United States of America, have actually been working closely with the Ebola hit states. For example, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is taking precautions at home besides its activities abroad. CDC＇ s team of “virus hunters” is supported by specialized public health teams both in West Africa and at the CDC Atlanta headquarters. Together, they offer continuous support to save lives and protect people. CDC works closely with a number of US government agencies, national and international partners. CDC＇s experience of working with Ebola is important to the World Health Organization＇s growing West Africa Ebola response. On Sept. 2, 2014 , CDC Director, Tom Frieden called for more international partners to join this effort. “The sooner the world comes together to help West Africa, the safer we all will be. We know how to stop this outbreak. There is a window of opportunity to do so-the challenge is to scale up the massive response needed to stop this outbreak. ” CDC＇s response to Ebola is the largest international outbreak response in CDC＇s history with over 100 disease specialists on the ground in West Africa , supported by hundreds of public health emergency response experts stateside, activated at Level 1, its highest level, because of the significance of this outbreak. The CDC supports affected countries to establish Emergency Operations Centers at national and local levels and helps countries track the epidemic including using real-time data to improve real-time response. Efforts in West Africa to identify those infected and track people who have come into contact with them are improving. The CDC is operating and supporting labs in the region to improve diagnosis and testing samples from people with suspected Ebola from around the world. Local health care systems are strengthened through communication, coordination with partners and training on infection control for health care workers and safe patient treatment. 26. How could we describe the 2014 Ebola outbreak? A. The first one in western countries. B. 1t did not ever threaten West Africa. C. Not the first but the largest e. [答案]C 27. The 2014 Ebola outbreak response was_________. A. an American stateside activity B. an international activity C. a regional activity [答案]B 28. What does the underlined word “massive” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Huge. B. Quick. C. Urgent. [答案]A 29. How many disease specialists from CDC have gone to West Africa for the Ebola response? A. Less than 100. B. A hundred. C. 10re than 100. [答案]C 30. What action does CDC take to respond to the large Ebola outbreak? A. Work closely with governmental, national and international partners. B. Call for more partners to join this effort. C. Establish Emergency Operations Centers. [答案]A 2018年1月试题及答案 Passage 1 I＇m Michael Bush, Managing Director of Hoogle Engineering. I am pleased to welcome you here to our website and l＇ d like to tell you a little about the company and its organization. Hoogle Engineering was set up in 1960. It was divided into several departments at that time, such as the sales department , marketing department , and production department. Lots of managers were employed to manage it all. Fortunately things are different now. Sixty people are employed by Hoogle and communication between departments is considered to be one of the most important aspects of the business. The market is global so we need to make contact with customers worldwide, not just locally. But in the old days we were all in different departments and never spoke to each other. We had a tall structure. Traditionally we had people at the first level on the shop floor, manufacturing products according to the instructions which they were given. Then you had a supervisory level of people who supervised them every day. Then you moved up to the middle management, who were doing the tasks of getting new business, and then you had the senior management team , and then you had the board , who decided the business strategy. So there were a lot of levels in the company in the old days actually. The structure today is that we form teams within teams to place people who can manufacture a product. Each team has members that can manufacture different products. The actual teams now are self-managing, so we don＇t even have team leaders. You＇ve got the teams, and then you＇ve got two people, only two people, who are what you think of as management. This is generally called flat structure. 21. Hoogle Engineering was set up in_________. A. the nineteenth century B. the twentieth century C. the twenty first century [答案]B 22. There are many different _________of management in a tall structure. A. kinds B. levels C. functions [答案]B 23. People in a flat structure usually work in_________. A. departments B. families C. teams [答案]C 24. All of the following statements are true according to the passage EXCEPT that_________. A. communication in the company is becoming more and more important B. the author thinks the two structures have the same functions C. there are more individual responsibilities in the flat structure [答案]B 25. The best title for the passage would be_________. A. “Organization Structure in Hoogle Engineering” B. “History of Hoogle Engineering” C. “Success in Hoogle engineering” [答案]A 2017年6月试题及答案 Passage 1 Three Steps to a Good Marketing Budget Without good budget management, you are likely to overspend on marketing accidentally. Here are three steps that help to make a good marketing budget. Step 1: Organize financial information The first step is to be clear of your current financial situation. You need to know how much money your company makes monthly and the changes that might arise in the future. Although income flows change throughout the year. you must organize the information based on reliable revenue-the minimum amount of money your company makes each month. A realistic budget plan will always focus on the income that exceeds the expenses. Not the total revenue that comes in. When you have determined the amount of disposable income available for the company. you should determine where the money wil1 go. Step 2: Determine where you want to spend marketing funds After you know the total amount available to spend on marketing. the next step is how you plan to spend that money. Three main factors decide how you spend marketing funds: the budget amount , your past experiences. and where you can reach the right audience. You will start organizing how to spend the funds based on the amount. Besides. you need to consider the strategies that have worked in the past. Also, you need consider which marketing channels will allow you to reach the right audience. Step 3: Assess data and make appropriate changes The final step in building a good marketing budget is the analysis of the plan and any changes that may improve revenue. Ultimately. marketing is designed to bring in extra revenue. If the activity does not bring in any additional revenue over its cost , then it is better to change strategy and try something else. Assessing the data is a vital part of creating an effective marketing strategy. Evaluation begins with comparing past performance to the performance after marketing the product or services. However. a good budget alone is not enough. You have to take action and remain committed to fol1owing through your plan. By keeping the budget in mind when you make decisions. you will have the opportunity to work out different strategies to find the best solutions for your business goals and prevent overspending on marketing. 21. What should the budget plan be based on? A. The company＇s reliable expense. B. The company＇s reliable income. C. The company＇s reliable cost. [答案]B 22. What does “disposable income” mean in paragraph 3? A. Total income. B. Previous income. C. Net income. [答案]C 23. You have to be clear of _________when organizing financial information. A. the income and expenses B. the marketing fund C. the budget management [答案]A 24. The three main factors that decide how you spend marketing funds are_________. A. the money you have earned, the actual expenses and the money you will expend B. the budget amount, your past experiences and where you can reach the right audience C. the assets you have, the product and the income [答案]B 25. Keeping the budget in mind when making marketing decisions will avoid_________. A. using less than you earn B. using money unnecessarily C. using more than you earn [答案]C

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