【导语】语法就是语言的规律。任何一种语言都有其内在逻辑性(logic)和规律(discipline)。学习一些基本的英语语法,对于快速掌握英语语言的规律,具有事半功倍的作用,尤其是对于一些为考试而编的语法题句的理解,很有作用。以下是大范文网整理的相关资料,希望对您有所帮助!
一、句型复习
一般疑问句:
Is this/that/it a ...? 回答:Yes,it is. No,it isn’t.
Is he / she...? 回答:Yes, he /she is. No, he/she isn’t.
Are you...? 回答:Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Are these/they ...? 回答:Yes,they are. No,they aren’t.
Do you...? 回答:Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Is there...? 回答:Yes,there is. No, there isn’t.
Are there...? 回答:Yes,there are. No, there aren’t.
特殊疑问句:
Who’s he/she ? 回答:He’s/She’s ?
Who are they? 回答:They are...
Where is..? 回答:It’s in/on...(介词短语)
Where are?? 回答:They are in/on...(介词短语) Where are you from? 回答:I am from... / We are from...
Where is he / she/ it from? 回答: He /She / It is from ? Where are they from? 回答: They are from....
What’s in / on / near/ under / beside the ?? 回答:There is /are ...
How many...? 回答:There is one./There are two.(2个或2个以上的数字)
What is it/this/that? (单数) 回答: It’s a... .
What are they/these/those? (复数) 回答: They’re ...
日常用语:
Put...on/in(介词短语)... 回答: OK/All right.
Draw... 回答: OK/All right.
Thank you! 回答: You’re welcome.
Here’s ... 回答:Thank you!
二、名词单数变复数,一般都把s 加。
特殊变化有以下:
单数复数一个样, sheep--sheep fish- fish goldfish - goldfish Chinese-Chinese Japanese -Japanese
2.遇到oo 变ee : foot-feet goose- geese tooth - teeth
3.有些变化就是大:mouse – mice child - children man-men woman-women
4 .以s, x, sh, ch 结尾 , +es (bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,
watch-watches)
5、以0 结尾(有生命的o)+es (tomato-tomatoes)(番茄) 例外:kangaroo- kangaroos
6、以辅音字母+y结尾,改y为i+es ( lady-ladies, baby-babies study-studies)
7.以f 或fe结尾,改f或fe为v+es (knife- knives shelf-shelves)
三、have与has 的区别:
have, has 都是“有”,
它们的用法有讲究, 表示“某人有某物”,have, has请记住。 he, she, it “有”用has, I, we , they , you 都用 have。 主人单数用 has , 主人复数用 have。
have 就是能力强,疑问 ( ?)否定 (don’t / do not)都用它。
四、have ,has 与there is , there are 的区别
表示某人或某动物 有 : has / have (I have a dog. The dog has a short tail.) 表示某地方 有: there is / are (There is a book in the bag. )
五、Some与any 的区别:
some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中。
如:I have some books. I don’t have any books. Do you have any books ?
六.a 与an 的区别
一般来讲,元音字母(即a, e , i, o , u )开头的单词用an
如: an apple an ear an American girl an Australian stamp an old man
七. There be 句型 (即 there is / there are )
意思: 表示某地方有某人或某物 原则:就近原则 (There be 句型中的be 动词用is 还是用are 由最靠近它的第一个名词是单数还是复数决定。)
如: There is a book and some pens on the desk. There are some pens and a book on the desk.
八.不可数名词:
juice chalk tissue (不可数名词没有复数形式)
There is some chalk. There is some juice. There is some tissue.
九.’s所有格 :
表示:某人或某动物的
the girl’s name 那个女孩的名字 the teacher’s desk 讲台
the headmaster’s office 校长的办公室 the children’s toys 儿孩子们的玩具
the teachers’ room 教师办公室 (当名词的复数形式是以“s”结尾时,直接加 ’)
十. be 动词 :
is are am ( 表示“是” )
I 用am , you 用are , is 连着he,she ,it 。单数名词用is ,复数名词全用are 。 如: I am …. You are… . We are… . They are…. . He is….. She is….. It is…. The girl is …. The boys are…. Ben is…. Janet and Ben are…